Blackjack project

While on my games design course i have been given the task to create and code a blackjack game.

In this event i have found the experience fun and challenging designing the game and card deck was a fun task to do i had so good ideas for the back of the cards which i made myself and i'm quite proud of the back of the card is a mix between Mario,mega man, metal gear and donkey Kong

some of the games i used to love as a kid so i thought it was a good idea so i put them all on.





It is not the best back of the card i have made but i am happy with what i made because i feel that this card was made to the best of my ability and i'm satisfied with my work creating the card deck was hard where i had one of my friends to help me out this this event we both did half the cards each to save time and do as much as possible we both shared our work meaning he helped me with my work and i helped him with his giving him some of my work in return for helping me, i started working on the sprites  but sadly i only got one finished in the time i had.

I then got onto the coding where i had to try and make the cards move into the position where my character is but i had a little trouble because the coding didn't seem to work that well as i put the coding in i couldn't load the game because some of the coding was off so i had to re-do the code but when i put the cards on the table and try to make my deck of cards move it didn't work it only showed my cards changing to all the different cards it had in the deck and they didn't move to the position it was supposed to so i had to re-do the code again but i couldn't figure it out so i just had to give up for now and started working on my starting point and how to quit the game which went well for my ability.


i added some music that i thought would be perfect for the casino type atmosphere and i have to say it fits in quite well with everything that i have made so far but i still haven't finished my get yet there is still much to finish off that i have yet to start on because i'm having trouble dealing with the problems i have currently, but as soon as i figure out the bug and the problems i will then start to work on the rest of my game that i have yet to start which could take some time but i want to finish it because i know i can do it's just challenging, the game will have bugs when i test it every now and again so i will need to fix them every time i boot up the game.

Unit 73: Examining Sounds for Computer Games

Note - use time stamps

Task one:

Compare and contrast the following console game music, you can consider other pieces of music/FX from the same game.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y97u-U0nvJM
(the last of us theme song)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCxv2daOwjQ
(halo 2 theme song)

The main theme from the last of us:

The last of us main theme sounds like it wants to have a suttle and calm sound about it, its trying to get you in the mood for a fast paced and calming game so that you can feel a sort of atmosphere come off it, in my opinion the music to this game is quite calming and soft like it would be almost a natural sound to hear throughout the whole game and that's what makes it sound so nice because its a nice calm sound unlike most games where its trying to get you pumped up for the whole game giving you more and more rock and electric guitars to make it sound good where as the last of us theme only has an acoustic guitar to stay calm the only part where the music changes is where your either in a quick time event or your in the middle of fighting someone but whenever your exploring the world or finding something to do you get this beautiful sound of calm and soothing.

Task 2

The playstation has a lot to give and it does by giving you more memory and quality of the game and it also gives off better sound then an original Xbox, the playstation has far superior memory and sound quality where as the Xbox gives you more graphics quality, the amount of data you can get on a blue ray disk is unbelievable meaning you had more space to place music that is uncompressed and with better quality. so the more space you have on a blue-ray disk the more space you have to place more content inside the game like little details such as sound effects, music, clothes customization, weapon skins and maybe a bit of an open world giving you more choices so if you start off with a empty blue-ray disk you will have quite a bit of space on there to add a bunch of details and sound into the game it could be something else like add-on content to the game maybe you could give them a whole blue-ray disk full of the games sound track, with Xbox your stuck with normal CDs were that only gives you so much data and hardly anything is uncompressed, playstation have thought a head and given you the blue-ray disk mean a bunch of new things and more and exciting stuff, the playstation has a higher bit-depth and it the sound you can use on it can either be surround or stereo plus the playstation has a higher RAM because it uses blue-ray disks instead of normal disks, they also used multi-track recording to so they can record multiple sounds at the same time or add them in when they are finished. 

The main theme from halo 2:

The main theme to halo 2 is more exciting to your ears because its trying to get you excited and pumped up for the game full of action and killing  but the music also tries to make you feel hyper trying to get you full of energy giving you more stamina to beat all the levels and kill more things, in my opinion the halo 2 sound track is quite upright and sounds great it makes the game come to life with the 3D effects and the way the game handles with the music it works so well and the game graphics look so beautiful with the music as well as soon as you start halo 2 the music kicks off with electric guitar slowly starting off in the background getting more and more intense as it goes through the song and the drums start about half way through the song making it more intense and awesome giving you more energy and getting more pumped to play the game.

Task 2


The original Xbox doesn't have a lot to offer because it was the first Xbox that was made meaning there was hardly any space, music or graphics to be given to the players but there was still a little bit to give, it wasn't much but the data it had on it was a lot at the time you couldn't do much on the games and the graphics weren't that great but some music was uncompressed but most of it had to be compressed but there was still a lot to do on the original Xbox from all the games it had on there the music wasn't the greatest but you could still hear it and you could still make out what they were saying in that song but the music was still compressed on most of the games but the sound quality is still good. Because the original Xbox was the first Xbox to be made it didn't have much to offer in RAM because they used normal disks at the time but now because we have better games and higher memory consoles the original Xbox seems like nothing to what we have today, the original Xbox would have had to use analog or a software sequencer to try and get the sound right to fit to the game most of the sound files would have to be compressed and there wasn't hardly enough RAM to support that many games on the Xbox it would either use a stereo or mono sound to it because we didn't have surround sound when the original Xbox came out which would have been quite good to listen to when you have a electric guitar playing all around you willing you in from every corner of the room.

Unit 73: Sounds For Computer Games

Uncompressed format:

CD, WAV, AIFF audio are more or less perfect representations of audio that was recorded, if you want convert one uncompressed format to another it will be a completely perfect copy of the audio. Say if you rip of the audio from a CD and put it into a WAV format on your PC then burn another CD using the WAV that you created, those two CDs will be literally identical, even though you copied them multiple times.

The only bad problem with uncompressed formats are that they are unreasonably big, say all your audio from your 4 gigabyte IPod Nano you would only be able to store around 4 to 5 albums on it that’s how big they can be.

Compressed format:

this type of format is for those who wish to cut corners and try to keep the file as small as possible to keep the file from being corrupted, the most used and most famous is MP3, there are also many others that include WMA and AAC. A program encoding audio into the MP3 audio for an example, it will get rid of some high frequencies, the frequencies are usually too high for the human hearing anyway, it may also perform a lot more complicated calculations, but that is one of the simplest examples there is, the advantage to this type of format is that they hardly take up any of the space on your PC or phone as a Uncompressed format.

How can resolution and bit-depth constrain file size?

In digital audio you can use pulse-code modulation or PCM, Bit-depth is the number of bits of information there is in each sample, and this is directly corresponded to the resolution of each of your samples, the examples of bit-depth include compact disc digital audio, which uses 16 bits of information per sample, and DVD-audio plus the blue-ray disc which can support up to 24 bits of information per sample.

In the form of basic implementations, variations in bit-depth mainly affect the noise level from quantization errors, thus the signal-to-noise ratio or SNR and dynamic range. However techniques such as dithering, noise shaping and oversampling mitigate these effects without changing any of the bit-depth, but the bit-depth affects the bit-rate and the file size as well.

Bit-depth is only good when referencing a PCM digital signal, anything other than a PCM format such as a lossy compression format don’t have any associated bit-depth, for example in the MP3 player quantization is performed on PCM samples that have most likely been transformed into the frequency domain.

What do the following words me?

Sample rate: the meaning of sample rate is the number of samples of audio carried per second and measured in Hz or KHz, for example 44,100 samples per second can be expressed as either 44,100 HZ or as 44.1 KHz.

Mono: the term mono means that you only use one channel for listening to sound because only one channel is open to that sound but it can be sent through many other speakers but the speakers are playing the same signal as the original  

Stereo: stereo means that the sound can be directed through two or more speakers so that is seems to surround the listener and it can also come from more than one source.

Surround: surround means that the sound will be coming from 360 degrees so that the sound is all around you, surround sound systems use up to three or more speakers and channels and place them in front and behind to create a surrounding environment of sound, surround sound can also be analog or digital system. 

Exercise 2

How Can The Following Information Limit The Recording Of Sound?

DSP-Digital Signal Processor: a digital signal processor is used to filter and/or compress analogue sound as it measures it. As the analogue signals are converted into digital the sound files often become compressed in this process before they are converted back to analogue. it is this compression that causes the limit in quality of sound.

RAM-Random Access Memory: RAM is a way of saying something's memory or storage. The more storage available the larger the file size that is usable, leading to greater quality. But if one did not have a decent amount of RAM it limits the size of the file usable meaning that compressed file types may need to be used leading to a lack of audio quality.

File Format: depending on your file format, it can hold so much information. This information is what leads to the general quality of the sound. With file types that compress the information, such as MP3 files, the quality is far inferior to those which don't compress the information.

Audio Output: depending on your audio output, it can be used to give the feeling of sound coming from certain places that when synced up with the audio being played can give a far deeper sense of immersion. Mono is the term used when sound only comes out one way from a source, stereo is used by two sources (left and right) and is used to make a person believe that the sound is coming from one direction or another, surround sound is used by placing many sources around the listener and playing certain sounds from the individual sources giving a far greater effect than that which stereo attempts to accomplish

Audio recording system.

In what types of scenario may you use the following audio recording equipment?

multi-track recording - you would use multi-track recording for when you are use 4 or more music tracks at the same time and want to make the music sound better so you would have 4 or more different parts 1 being guitar 2 being drummer 3 being singer 4 being bass and you want to make them all fit together and make it sound a lot better.

Analogue - you would use analogue when you are using your voice to record you maybe singing or maybe you're just talking to someone either way your using analogue there to begin with you would be singing into a microphone so that it could go onto a computer.

Software sequencer - you would use a sound sequencer if your on your computer because it is a computer software and it lets you create sounds using your keyboard from different musical instruments so that you can create music from home without using a instrument.

DAT - the only time you will be using a .DAT file is when your are saving it into Data on your computer or on your hard drive so that it will be turned into data and that it will be easier to use and see. 

Story telling in Games.

Task One: Games With Stories

1. halo 3, 3 ODST, Reach
2. Fallout 3, 4
3. Dark souls
4. Bioshock
5. Assassin's creed
6. Metal Gear Solid
7. Mass Effect
8. Portal
9. The Walking Dead
10. Silent Hill

Which have good stories?
Halo, Mass Effect, Metal Gear Solid, Silent Hill, Portal, The Walking Dead, Dark Souls, Bioshock all have amazing story lines to offer for you, most of them are RPG but some are single player horror, others you have to choose critical choices that might have some back or good effects on your single player experience.

Task Two: Games Without Stories

1. The Escapist
2. Half-life 2
3. Tetris
4. Monster Hunter Freedom 2
5. MineCraft

Is There Such A Thing?
Yes there is such a thing as a game without a story-line, a game without a story-line is more or less a game to make time fly past without knowing so its just pure multiplayer so you can playing with your friends or without them.

Who Plays Non-Story Games?
Who plays non-story games? people who really aren't interested in the story side of the game and just want to play the actual game like the multiplayer side of the game or they just play a game with a campaign but it doesn't actually have a story too it which a few games might have.

Task Three: Whats The Difference Between a Story From a Game And a Story From a Book?

Unit 73: Sounds for Computer Games

The Effects Of Music In Games

1. Dark Souls "Artorias boss fight theme"- this music has a highly ominous and threatening tone that immediately makes the player to just how tough the fight will be, it serves to intimidate the player and add atmosphere to an already brutal boss fight. But the song also has more sombre undertones to allude to the sad backstory of the boss your facing making the player also feel sorry for the boss as they slay it. This sense of sadness amidst fear of something greater than you also reflects the backstory of the boss and seems to have been done on part of the developer in an attempt to make the player feel akin to the character of Artorias as his fate of losing his mind and attacking all those he comes across parallels the fate that you have often been told you are doomed to face as an undead. I believe that the developers were successful in this as you have gained some small titbits of information on his back story and this works as a climax to bring all the pieces together. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CbTI_Bzy29I).

2. Bioshock Infinite "Welcome to Colombia"- The music starts off with unsettling strings getting faster at a rapid rate which places a sense of fear into the player, reflecting what the protagonist, Booker DeWitt is feeling at the time. At the climax of the strings there is a slight pause before a calming piano piece begins, making the player feel safe and relaxed as they gaze over the new environment of the seeming utopia of Colombia. But towards the end of the song it seems somewhat sinister which makes the player keep their guard up and begin to question this supposed paradise. This is an effective piece that the developers have put in as it is deeply immersive and immediately makes the player feel what the developers had in mind for Booker. 
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8Y6_qq05Bg)

3. Silent Hill 2 "Promise Reprise"- Immediately this piece builds tension and suspense right from the beginning with its sinister and unnerving piano music. It swiftly makes the player begin to fear the unknown as they wander around the town of Silent Hill. this piece is clearly designed by the developers to make the player feel paranoia and question what’s around every corner and build up the atmosphere of isolation in a twisted and nightmarish town and does so to great effect, building tension that only heightens he player's fear and curiosity. 
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N_PXTGdlGw)

4. Metal Gear Solid 3 "Main Theme"- This song starts out quieter and uses sound effects that puts the listener in mind of a jungle, quickly giving the player a more immersive feeling for the game's setting of a jungle environment, Soon it's pace quickens and begins to play the epic orchestral section which places a sense of grand action and adventure in the player which reflects some of the more of the high action sequences the game holds. Part way through however the music it begins to slow and become less high intensity but raises the feeling of tension, in turn this reflects the main portion of gameplay as it puts the player more in mind of the stealth action that the series is famous for. It suddenly quickens its pace back to that of the intensity of the main part of the theme which seems to symbolise the way that the gameplay can shift in an instance from high tension stealth to quick passed action in an instant. After the music calms down again it becomes far more mellow and sad, alluding to the story and its more emotional moments. The music was composed by Harry Gregson Williams and serves as almost an auditory shorthand for what the game entails and how certain parts will make the player feel which I believe it does well. 
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNVCD1dsnJI)

5. Mega Man 2 “intro theme” – the opening screen of Mega Man 2 starts off at the base of a skyscraper with a soft and more relaxed opening piece of music to accompany it as text appears to give new players a basic idea on the backstory of the first game, after the text has finished the screen begins to pan upwards towards the top of the skyscraper and as it does so he music accompanying it also begins to increase in pace which helps to gradually build up the players excitement. As the screen reaches the top of the skyscraper the music suddenly increase to a very fast pace which swiftly gets the player even more excited for what they’re about to play, this use of music accompanying the game is a quick and effective way to get your player hyped up for it and more invested at the earliest possible stage which is what I believe the developer intended. I believe that the piece is highly effective at this purpose and has gone down as one of the most famous songs in gaming history.
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZT9DST_M_g8)

why is music and sound fx so important within games development?

Sound effects have an incredible influence on the overall game experience. While a game may be able to get by without music or dialogue, one without sound effects will be very disappointing. It’s inconceivable to think of players firing “silent” weapons or seeing soundless conflagrations erupt in their paths. Early games may have been rudimentary, but their designers always understood that sound effects are more than just entertainment. The complexity of today’s game sound has led to an entirely distinct job description and career path—involving the creation of nearly everything the player will hear.

Purpose of Game Sound Effects

Sound effects exist specifically to give feedback to players, immerse them inside the virtual realm, and provide an entertaining experience—all of which are key ingredients to a successful video game. Since a game is nothing more than lines of code and pixels of collared light, the sense of sound is what adds warmth and familiarity to what is happening on the screen. Although many current games employ 3D and even hyper realistic images, the player is still only looking at pixels; the only “real” sense fully experienced by the player is sound. Granted, players aren’t hearing a “real” bird chirp or weapon fire—but the sound they do hear is an actual recording of the real object or a close reproduction of it. Whether it is a “real” sound or not, the impact is the same and the sound plays its specific role.

http://designingsound.org/2010/10/aaron-marks-special-function-of-game-sound-effects/

What is waveform?

Amplitude: As waves travel, they set up patterns of disturbance. The amplitude of a wave is its maximum disturbance from its undisturbed position. Take care, the amplitude is not the distance between the top and bottom of a wave.

Frequency: The frequency of a wave is the number of waves produced by a source each second. It is also the number of waves that pass a certain point each second. The unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz). It is common for kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz) and gigahertz (GHz) to be used when waves have very high frequencies. For example, most people cannot hear a high-pitched sound above 20 kHz, radio stations broadcast radio waves with frequencies of about 100MHz, while most wireless computer networks operate at 2.4GHz.

Wavelength: The wavelength of a wave is the distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next wave. It is often easiest to measure this from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave, but it doesn't matter where as long as it is the same point in each wave.

Pitch: the quality of a sound governed by the rate of vibrations producing it; the degree of highness or lowness of a tone.

Hertz: Named after Heinrich Hertz and abbreviated as Hz or illustrated as the f symbol, hertz equals one (0.00000000125) cycle per second, measuring the waves or frequencies of electric changes each second. Hertz is commonly used to measure a computer monitor's refresh rate and in computer processors. In the picture below of a wave, one oscillation is a representation of a cycle or hertz.

Decibel level: The decibel (dB) is used to measure sound level, but it is also widely used in electronics, signals and communication. The dB is a logarithmic way of describing a ratio. The ratio may be power, sound pressure, voltage or intensity or several other things.

Sound Generation: Sound waves are generated by any vibrating body. For example, when a violin string vibrates upon being bowed or plucked, its movement in one direction pushes the molecules of the air before it, crowding them together in its path. When it moves back again past its original position and on to the other side, it leaves behind it a nearly empty space, i.e., a space with relatively few molecules in it.

Jack Foley: In 33 years jack Foley the sound-effects pioneer worked on stage 10 at universal studios, all the time he never received an on-screen credit for his own inventive and that cost his cost-saving contributions dearly, but the art he created by himself in the early days of sound technology they decided to name it after him and it is always featured in every film at all the cinemas.

Every sound we hear at the cinemas that isn’t music or dialog is always a sound effect, from the footsteps to being punched or kicked, from the clothes rustling in the wind, the sound we hear was either created by Foley himself or was placed there by a sound editor, they most likely went out and took it from a vast selection from a wide range of sound effects or they went out to record it themselves, they might have combined it with some others sounds and or altered the pitch.

Nearly all the sounds pictures have dialog and some sort of music but they are missing the noise of the movement and the sounds all around them,  soon some other the sound editors started using Foleys idea in their own movies and started to create footsteps for the actors but they would constantly use the same track over and over again, Foley then came up with the idea of projecting the moving image in a sound stage and syncing the sounds with the actors movement they started to use different surfaces and many different props they could find, it was then said that Foley could make it sound like there were three men walking by only using two feet and a cane.

WHAT IS TIMBRE?

Sounds may be generally characterized by pitch, loudness, and quality. Sound "quality" or "timbre" describes those characteristics of sound which allow the ear to distinguish sounds which have the same pitch and loudness. Timbre is then a general term for the distinguishable characteristics of a tone. Timbre is mainly determined by the harmonic content of a sound and the dynamic characteristics of the sound such as vibrato and the attack-decay envelope of the sound.

Some investigators report that it takes a duration of about 60 Ms to recognize the timbre of a tone, and that any tone shorter than about 4 Ms is perceived as an atonal click. It is suggested that it takes about a 4 dB change in mid or high harmonics to be perceived as a change in timbre, whereas about 10 dB of change in one of the lower harmonics is required.

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/timbre.html

Legal considerations of using sound in games

The legal considerations of using sound in your project can be massive and when not done correctly can have massive implications and consequences. Things like copyright are one of the biggest things to take in to consideration when creating a game. Copyright is a system in which the creator of something has control over it and it can’t be used by just anyone to profit off of it. Things such as songs that are used in games often have lengthy legal processes before they are usable in the game, this is often where the creator and the people who wish to use it reach an agreement in which the creator will receive something in return for the use of their work, which most often takes the form of a fee demanded up front for its usage, royalties entitling the creator to a share of the proceeds the project generates, or a mix of the two. These agreements are a highly important part of the legal process. Another use is from royalty free sources, these are free for the public to use as they see fit. Sources of things like this include sites like freesound.org and often work based on the agreement that the creator will credited as is appropriate in the hopes of getting them publicity and recognition. Another way is to create the sounds yourself as you will not need any agreements or anything and will be able to be more independent and less likely to face any legal implications from doing so.

How to play ShapeMan

this is a basic design layout of my game, the design is basic enough to understand you can follow the design very easy you can see where all the sprites and you can see where the shapes you can change into are as well,

i got Kurt to play the game. he said that he thought the sprites in particular circle was good. However the lack of animation the shapes when transform into them made it feel like you were moving slower than the enemies even though that isn't the case. In addition to this the sounds were fun, especially the background music which made him feel like it was taken directly from his own work (which it wasn't). He also said that the sounds lacked variety since it only had death and backgrounds sounds. he suggested that i add more to make the feel even more lively. Kurt found the game easy but he found it enjoyable because of it's simplicity, Kurt adds that i should of added a score system with a pill or orb to pick up which gives you points.

3 things i am definitely going to improve on.

i am going to concentrate more on my game so that i can create an even better game that i can be happy with.

i am going to improve the amount of sound quality i have in my game.

i am going to i'm prove the quality and and look of all my sprites, objects and walls.

HOW TO PLAY.

Up - up arrow key

Down - down arrow key

Left - left arrow key

Right - right arrow key

my game is very easy to play, in my game you have to change too different shapes to defeat the other shapes you start off as a triangle so you can kill all the triangles at first then you can go around changing into all the other different shapes so that you may take out all the other shapes, there is no time limit and there is also no score all you have to do is take out all the sprites without dying you will be moved onto the next level and from that level on wards the sprites with start to get harder and move of them will appear. 

unit 78 Digital graphics for computer games

How will you be creating your digital graphics?

• Consider technical limitations and the screen resolution
• Consider software (Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Fireworks, GameMaker) – also the interface too (work area, tool box, status bar, file information, window control, floating palettes, palette docking, tabs etc…)
• File extensions and compression for the files
• Consider technology (Computers, laptops, peripherals etc…)
• Graphic specification
•  The plan
• Time management – deadlines (production schedule, deliverables and quality assurance)
• Asset management – export file path, file format, compression, file naming conventions and file backup 
• Workflow – optimising, bit depth, resolution
• Menu – open, save, new, import, export, edit
• Image settings – size, resolutions, width, height, colour mode, transparency, aspect ratio, file name
• Drawing tools – the tools I have used to create my sprites are(tool options, brush, pencil, duplicate, clone, fill, text, line, shape, zoom, guides and rulers, grid, palettes eg, colour, gradients, layers, object, brushes, history, actions, size, layers, eg copying, saving, arranging; flattening; colour selection, eg foreground, background, colour swatch and eye dropper. 
• Editing tools: lasso, copy, paste,magic wand, scale, rotate, erase, fill
• Advanced tools: brightness, contrast, transparency, brushes
• In-Game Graphics: heads up display, gif, animation, image textures, concept art, Weapons, character, vehicles, environment backgrounds
• Print media graphics: game packaging, box cover, manual. label, poster, concept artwork
• Production stages: original development files, final flattened, optimised image
• Aesthetic qualities: composition, colour palettes, typography, creation of meaning
• Industry practice: reflect on finished product (compared with original intentions, fitness for purpose, technical qualities, aesthetic qualities), productions skills (ideas generation, graphics specifications, workflow and time management, technical competence),